Pot type oil burner with a circumferential vaporizing chamber



P" 1949- E. H. STEMPEL EI'AL 2,466,563

I POT TYPE OIL BURNER WITH CIRCUMFERENTIAL VAPORIZING CHAMBER Filed July 27, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I E Z v niar- 3 Wm WM Aififiormeys P 1949. E. H. STEMPEL EI'AL 2,466,563

' POT TYPE OIL BURNER WITH A CIRCUMFERENTIAL VAPORIZING CHAMBER Filed July 27, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .[rzvemiars Patented Apr. 5,

POT'TYPE OIL BURNER WITH A CIRCUM- v FERENTIAL VAPORIZING CHAMBER Edward H. Stempel and Marcus Nelson, Albert Lea,

Minn., assignors to American Gas Machine Company, Albert Lea, Minn., a corporation of Minn esota Application July 27, 1945, Serial No. 607,382

This invention relates to oil burners oi the pot typ It is one of the objects of the invention to provide a novel and improved pot-type oil burner of cheap and simple construction which can be burned at pilot flame, intermediate flame and' high flame depending upon the amount of oil supplied to the burner.

Another object is to provide in a pot-type oi burner improved means for introducing secondary combustion air to the pot, whereby the op-- Figure 2 is a view partly inside elevation and partly in vertical section through the oil burner, part of the drawing shown in'section being taken substantially on the line 2'2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 8-3 of Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a detailed view in vertical section taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 3 as indicated by the arrows.

While the pot oi theoil burner can be variously constructed, there is in accordance with the illustrated embodiment, an entire pot bottom'A formed oi one piece of metal, a tubular side wall B formed of a second piece, a. cowling C formed or a third piece, a deflector ring D formed of a fourth piece, an air director ring E formed of a 7 Claims. (Cl. 158-91) flifth piece and a flame confining ring F formed or a sixth piece- The pot bottom A is provided at its side near its upper edge with an offset flange 5 within which the side wall B is received, and the side wall B is provided at its top with an out-tumed flange 6 on which the air director ring E rests. The air deflector ring D in turn, rests on the air director ring E and pro- Jects well inwardly therefrom, and at its outer edge, the'air director ring is equipped with a down-turned flange I which encompasses the outer edges of the flangei and the air director ring E. The flame confining ring F rests on the air deflector ring D and extends to a point above it. In practice, the parts may be permanently y 2 secured together to better hold their positions as by spot welding, riveting or the like.

The pot bottom A at its outer lower portion is curved to form an annular trough 8, the inner wall of which forms a rib or dam 9 spaced above the level of the bottom of the trough 8 and extending through approximately 340 degrees of a circle. Also, the dam 9 forms the upper edge of a concavely curved dish III which closes the central part of the pot bottom A and which is at least as deep as the trough 8. At the point where the pot bottom A is not pressed up to form a continuation of the dam 9 the pot bottom is curved downwardly to form a channel Ii leading from the trough 8 to the center of the dish I and. as will be clearly seen from Fig. 4 of the drawings, the lower part of this channel II is as deep as the trough 8 so that any liquid flowing around the trough 8 to the channel Il may pour therethrough into the central part of the dish to.

The cowl C as shown, extends upwardly through roughly, a third of the height oi side wall 13 and is provided with an upturned flange at its upper end which flts with close clearance the interior of the wall B. From said flange cowl 0 curves inwardly and downwardly to contact the dish ill in somewhat inwardly spaced relation to the annular dam 9. The cowl C, the outer part of the pot bottom A, and the lower part of the side wall B thus form an annular chamber 12 which will be called a vaporizing chamber in accordance with its function. Immediately above the channel II, the cowl C is deeply notched upwardly to form with a portion of the channel It a passage l3 affording communication between the chamber I2 and the central part of the pot above the dish It. At circumferentially spaced points from each other and from the channel I3 the cowl C is notched upwardly from its lower edge to form one or more additional passages It in cooperation with the dish ill and also affording communication between the vaporizing chamber l2 and the central part of the pot above the dish HI. It should v be noted that the lower parts of the passages I are well above the level of the channel II for a purpose to presently appear. In actual practice the notches in the cowl plate C and forming portions of the passages l3 and M are set circumierentially at from each other although this is not absolutely necessary.

Afiording' communication with the vaporizing chamber I! at a point diametrically opposite the passage I3 is an oil delivering conduit l5 for supplying liquid hydrocarbon trom a source of supon the market. I

Below the level where the cowling C is attached to the side wall B the side wall is provided with a multiplicity of perforations circumferentially spaced from each other and forming openings l1 leading into the vaporizing chamber l2 and supplying vaporizing air thereto. In order that the air admitted through the openings l1 into. the chamber l2 may be better directed downwardly to mix with oil in the trough 8, at the time the openings are formed, the metal is perforated in a downwardly and inwardly angular direction as is well known in the art.

Above the level where the cowl plate C joins the side wall B, and at several different levels, primary combustion air openings l8 are formed in the side wall B, air from these openings running into the central part of the pot above the dish Ill.

The deflector ring D near its edge but inwardly from the side wall B is provided with a multiplicity of vertical openings l9, and these openings are for the purpose of supplying secondary combustion air for high flame operation of the burner. It will be noted that the air must pass through these openings I! in a downward direction. The air director ring E has a flange 20 spaced a short distance below the deflector ring D and immediately below the secondary air inlet openings IS, and this flange 20 acts to direct the air running through the openings l9 inwardly of the burner so this air takes a diagonally downward and inward course. The deflector ring D has a downwardly extending flange 2| at its inner edge which also has some air deflecting action and tends to prevent straight horizontal movement of air from the secondary air openings is to the center of the burner.

The flame confining ring F is attached to the deflector ring D preferably just inwardly of the openings l9 and it has a first step 22 which is inwardly directed and which is spaced a short distance above the deflector ring D and has a second step 23 which is spaced above the step 22 and also inwardly directed. The ring F functions to confine the flames when the burner is in high flame operation and prevent flames from spreading outwardly to too great an extent.

In the operation of the burner the burner will normally be lighted as by throwing a small scrap of paper or a match into the pot when sufllcient oil is being supplied as by controlling the valve IQ for low flame operation. As the valve I6 is opened oil will be supplied to the conduit I5 into the trough 8 and will flow out after making the circuit of the trough through the channel I i into the central part of the dish 10. When sufflcient oil has been accumulated this oil may be lighted by a match or paper as aforesaid. Some air will 'be supplied through the openings I'I, chamber l2 and passages l3 and II to supply this initial ignition, but the major part of the air will be supplied through the primary air supply openings l8. After the burner has operated at low flame for a time with the flame confined well within the lower part of the pot, the lower part of the pot will become highly heated and, of course, the air t highly heated. Eventually this heat will be sufflcient so that the small quantity of oil supplied through the channel for low flame operation will be very largely vaporized within the chamber l2, the oil being completely vaporized before it reaches the central part of the dish 10. By cutting off the supply of fuel to a greater extent as by manipulating the valve Ii to a more closed position the burner will operate so as to vaporize all of the oil before the oil has traveled around the trough 8 from its admission point through the conduit 15 past one or both of the passages I. In other words, vaporized fuel in small quantities will then issue from one or more of the passages l4 and burn as issued therefrom, thereby forming a pilot flame for ignition when greater quantities of fuel are admitted to the burner to operate it either at low flame, intermediate flame or high flame.

With our improved structure, a substantially infinite number of flames and consequently, heat generating intensities may be obtained progressively from the low, pilot flame to the high flame dependent upon-the adjustment of the regulating valve l6 and the control of fuel introduced through conduit I5, per unit of time.

To operate the burner at high flame a greater quantity of fuel is supplied throughthe fuel conduit l5 as by opening the valve I5 widely and gradually the burner goes successively from pilot flame operation to low flame operation and then to high flame operation. The oil supply at this time is too much to be entirely vaporized within the vaporizing chamber l2 and it passes in two branches completely around the trough I to pour through the channel II into the central part of the dish Ill. There it is supplied with primary air admitted to the interior of the pot through the openings l8. Gradually the flame risesin the burner so that it extends well up into the upper part of the pot and is then supplied with secondary air admitted through the secondary air openings l9. Because of the direction that this secondary air must take by reason of the vertical disposition of the openings ii, the air director ring E and the flange 2|, the secondary air works into the flame in a downwardly and inwardly extending direction, thereby mixing with the products of combustion within the pot to a. greater extent and more thoroughly than is the case in burners wherein the secondary air is directed upwardly and inwardly. The ring F tends to confine the flame by its two steps 22 and 23 when the burner is in high flame operation.

It will be seen that a highly eflicient, simple and economical pot type oil burner has been provided.

It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the various parts without departure from the scope of the present invention which generally stated, consists in the matter shown, described, and set forth in the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. An oil burner comprising, a pot bottom having an annular trough in its outer portion, the inner wall of whichtrough forms a dam throughout most of the circumference of the pot bottom, said pot bottom being depressed inwardly from said dam to form a dish, and the inner wall of said trough being depressed at one point between portions of said dam to form a flow channel from within the vaporizing chamber l2 will also become the lower part of said trough to the lower part of said dish. an annular side wall upstanding at the outer side of said pot bottom, said annular wall being perforated at various levels to form openings for air admission above said trough and also openingsfor primary combustion air to the interior of the pot, a cowling joining said side wall andsthe upper part of said dish above certain of said openings and combining with portions of said pot bottom and said side wall to form a vaporizing chamber, said cowling having openings therein at three circumferentially spaced points, one of which openings is located directly above said channel to form with said channel a first passage from said chamber to the interior of the pot above the dish and the other openings forming second passages above the dam level from said chamber to the interior of the pot above said dish,

, a valve controlled oil conduit for delivering liquid fuel from a source of supply to said chamber, said oil conduit delivering into said chamber at a point remote from said first passage and between said two second passages, an inwardly directed deflecting ring resting on said side wall at the top of the pot, and means for delivering secondary combustion air at the upper portion of the pot,

2. An oil burner comprising a pot having, a closed bottom and an, opening in its upper portion and including means forming an outer cirforming. an outer vaporizing chamber in the lower portion of the pot, there beingan upstanding dam in the lower portion of said chamber spaced inwardly fromthe outer portion thereof and forming an oil trough in said chamber, a dish inwardly from said dam and running to at least the depth of said trough, first passage means between said chamber and said dish including an oil passageway through said dam, the lower part of the passage formed by said first passage means being located at a level at least as low as the lower level of said trough, second passage means spaced along said trough from said first passage means and affording communication from said chamber to said' dish at a level well above the lowest level of said first passage, a valve controlled conduit for delivering liquid fuel from a source of supply and communicating with said trough at a point more adjacent to said second passage means than to said first passage means, means for supplying air to said chamber, means for supplying primary combustion air to said pot.

cumferential vaporizing chamber in the lower portion of said pot, said chamber extending substantially entirely around the bottom of said pot,

there being an upstanding dam in the lower portion of said chamber spaced" inwardly from the outer portion thereof and forming an oil trough within the chamber, a dish inwardly from said dam, passage means including an oil passageway through said, dam affording communication between said chamber and said dish, valve con trolled conduit means for delivering liquid fuel from a sourceof supply to said chamber, said conduit means communicating with the trough in said chamber at an area of said trough that is in non-communication with the oil passageway through said dam for at least substantially half the extent of the trough, means for supplying air to said chamber, means for supplying primary combustion air to said pot and means in the upper part of said pot for supplying secondary combustion air.

3. An oil burner comprising a pot having an opening in its upper portion and including means forming an outer vaporizing chamber in the lower portion of the pot and having an upstanding dam in the lower portion of said chamber spaced inwardly from the outer portion thereof and forming an oil trough in said chamber, a dish inwardly from said dam, first passage means tween said chamber and said dish including an oil passageway through said dam, second passage means between said chamber and said dish above the lowest level of said first passage means and spaced along said trough from said first passage means and affording communication from said chamber to said dish at a level well above the lowest level of said first passage, a valve controlled conduit for delivering liquid fuel from a source of supply and communicating with said trough at a point more adjacent to said second passage means than to said first passage means, means for supplying air to said chamber, means for supplying primary combustion air to said pot, and means in the upper part'of said pot for supplying secondary combustion air.

4. An oil burner comprising a pot having an opening in its upper portion and including means and means in the upper part of said pot for supplying secondary combustion air.

5. An oil burner comprising a pot having an opening in its upper portion and including means forming an outer annular vaporizing chamber in the lower portion of the pot, there being an upstanding dam in the lower portion of said chamber spaced inwardly from the outer portion thereof and forming a trough in said chamber, a concave dish joining said dam and inwardly disposed therefrom, said dish running to at least the depth of said trough, first passage means affording communication between said chamber and the interior of said pot above said dish including an oil passage from said trough through said dam, the lower level of the first. passage formed by said first passage means being at least as low as the lower level of said trough, second passage means affording communication between said chamber and the interior of said pot above said dish and spaced along said trough from said first passage means, the lower level of the passage formed by said second passage means being well above the lower level of said first passage, a valve controlled oil conduit for delivering liquid fuel from a source of supply to said chamber and communicating with said trough at a point more closely adjacent said second passage means than said first passage means, means for supplying air to said chamber, means for supplying primary combustion air to the interior of said pot, and

means for supplying secondary combustion air at the upper portion of said pot.

6. An oil burner comprising a cylindrical p0 means affording communication between said chamber and the interior of said pot above said dish including an oil passage from said trough through said dam, the lower level of the first passage formed by said first passage means being below the level of said dam, a pair of second passage means afiording communication between said chamber and'the interior of said pot above said dish, the lower level of the second passages formed by the said second passage means being above the level of said dam, and said second passage means being circumierentialiy spaced from each other and from said first passage means, a valve controlled oil conduit for delivering liquid fuel from a source of supply and communicating with said chamber between said two second passage means at a point remote from said first passage means, means for supplying air to said chamber, means for supplying primary combustion air to said pot, and means in the upper part of said pot for supplying secondary combustion air.

7. An oil burner comprising a pot having a closed bottom and an opening in its upper portion and including means forming an outer circumferential vaporizing chamber in the lower portion of the pot, said chamber extending substantially entirely around the bottom of the pot, there being an upstanding dam in the lower portion of said chamber spaced inwardly from the outer portion thereof and forming an oil trough therein, a dish inwardly from said dam, first passage means including an oil passageway through said dam afiording communication between said chamber and said dish, second passage means between said chamber and said dish circumferentially spaced from said first passage means, a

bustion air.

EDWARD H. BTEMPEL, MARCUS NELSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Re. 22,332 Sabins June 8, 1943 1,944,593 Chadwick et a1 Jan. 23, 1934 2,091,658 Sturgis Aug. 31, 1937 2,116,278 Morin, Jr. et al. May 3, 1938 2,131,835 Chadwick et a] Oct. 4, 1938 2,162,844 Jenson June 20, 1939 2,259,743 Fletcher Oct. 21, 1941 2,261,814 Suchland Nov. 4, 1941 2,272,423 Moore Feb. 10, 1942 2,302,287 Behrendt et al. Nov. 17, 1942 2,333,472 Focke Nov. 2, 1943 2,342,272 Hayter Febt22, 1944 2,347,268 Kessler Apr. 25, 1944 2,358,012 Kahn Sept. 12, 1944 2,369,833 Livar Feb. 20, 1945 2,381,744 Hayter Aug. 7, 1945 

